Researchers at Idaho Nationwide Laboratory (INL) have developed a brand new nuclear gasoline design utilizing 3D printing know-how that mimics pure geometric patterns referred to as triply periodic minimal surfaces (TPMS). The Intertwined Nuclear Gasoline Lattice for Uprated warmth eXchange (INFLUX) gasoline design replaces standard cylindrical gasoline rods with complicated, three-dimensional lattice constructions much like these present in butterfly wings and sea urchin shells.
Preliminary experiments confirmed the TPMS geometry triples the warmth switch coefficient in comparison with normal rod-type gasoline. INL researcher Nicolas Woolstenhulme famous that “cylinders are literally a horrible form for warmth switch,” explaining that the workforce was impressed by additive manufacturing functions in different industries. The improved warmth switch properties might enhance gasoline energy density and scale back working temperatures.
The analysis workforce, together with College of Wisconsin professor Mark Anderson, created electrically conductive polymer-composite variations of the lattice construction with embedded temperature sensors for testing. They used electrical present to simulate nuclear heating and measured warmth switch traits with fuel and liquid coolants. Pc modeling signifies the design reduces gasoline thickness whereas bettering warmth manufacturing capabilities.
Manufacturing the complicated geometry required INL to develop new fabrication strategies combining industrial 3D printing with hot-isostatic urgent. This course of enabled researchers to create INFLUX constructions in each ceramic/metallic and metallic/metallic materials techniques, although present additive manufacturing know-how can’t but meet the stringent necessities for precise nuclear gasoline manufacturing.
The INFLUX design forces coolant by means of what researchers describe as a “easy labyrinth” path for higher warmth mixing with out considerably growing hydraulic resistance. Throughout hypothetical loss-of-coolant accidents, the continual lattice construction might assist gasoline cool quicker than standard rods, probably bettering reactor security. The design might also supply neutronics advantages by decreasing neutron escape paths.
Additional improvement is required earlier than the know-how could be applied in industrial reactors. Woolstenhulme said the workforce should decide “which plant kind would profit from this” and optimize hydraulic resistance for particular reactor designs. Potential functions embrace microreactors requiring excessive energy density and gas-cooled reactors the place enhanced warmth switch affords vital benefits.
Supply: inl.gov
